The most common extragastric pathologies associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
In developed countries, up to 50% of the adult population is infected with this microorganism. In the CIS countries, this percentage reaches 75-80%.
The pathogenetic role of H. pylori infection in the development of extra gastroduodenal diseases and conditions is being actively studied. A number of studies have shown that H. pylori bacteria can colonize more than just the stomach. Using various diagnostic methods, the microorganism was found in the tissues of the liver, gall bladder, colon, skin, arteries, nasal, oral cavities and even in the eyes. However, research in this area is ongoing. It is too early to draw final conclusions. The question of the true role of H. pylori in the development of pathological changes in the human body remains open.
Recently, a large number of studies have been conducted on the association of H. pylori infection with various extra gastroduodenal diseases. A number of studies have evaluated the role of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. A meta-analysis of research data on the role of H. pylori in the development of acute coronary syndrome and cardiac arrhythmias showed that H. pylori-infected individuals have a statistically significantly higher risk of developing myocardial infarction, especially in the young population.
The mechanisms of development of colon adenoma and colorectal cancer in combination with H. pylori were studied. Results from a meta-analysis of studies have shown that H. pylori infection is associated with an increased risk of developing these diseases.
Another meta-analysis revealed a risk of colorectal cancer when infected with highly pathogenic H. pylori strains.
A number of studies have established a relationship between H. pylori detection and an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer.
The relationship of autoimmune and infectious factors in the development of autoimmune pancreatitis is currently being studied. According to studies, antibodies to H. pylori proteins were detected in 95% of patients with autoimmune pancreatitis.
In experimental studies, homology between the bacterial protein alpha-carbonic anhydrase and human carbonic anhydrase of the II type of the pancreatic duct epithelium was confirmed. This suggests the potential involvement of the H. pylori infection pathogen in the pathogenesis of autoimmune pancreatitis.
The role of H. pylori bacteria as a factor in the development of dermatological diseases has been proved. The literature describes chronic forms of spontaneous urticaria caused by H. pylori infection.
The results of a study involving patients with psoriasis showed that 100% of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis were infected with H. pylori, while in the group of patients with mild psoriasis this figure was 37%. The eradication of the pathogen led to a more rapid regression of the symptoms of psoriasis, although not in all patients. If before doctors Dermatologists
treating patients solely on the basis of the results of analyzes of their profession, then at the moment most patients are assigned to undergo Helicobacter pylori analysis. But the mistake of dermatologists as well as other colleagues is in the analysis itself, blood and feces for the presence of Helicobacter, which are implausible and mislead us.
There are a number of diseases and conditions that, according to some authors, are associated with H. pylori. These include diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
A systematic review published in 2011 showed a correlation between H. pylori infection and insulin resistance. It turned out that the prevalence of infection in patients with diabetes is 15% higher than in the control groups. The relationship between H. pylori infection and the development of metabolic syndrome is confirmed in a number of works. There is a high frequency of detection of H. pylori infection in patients with metabolic syndrome.
H. pylori infection can increase the risk of pregnancy pathology, including spontaneous abortion. Thus, in a study conducted with the participation of pregnant women, a correlation was established between seropositivity for H. pylori and the development of preeclampsia. The presence of H. pylori infection can serve as an independent risk factor for intrauterine growth restriction, as well as cause delayed fetal development. In this case, the highest risk of complications was those infected with CagA + strains of H. pylori.
To date, antibacterial drugs are recognized as the main components of eradication therapy regimens for H. pylori infection. As you know, the main reason for the low efficiency of eradication schemes is associated with the growth of antibiotic-resistant strains of H. pylori due to the use of irrational methods of therapy, including low-quality drugs.
Thus, there is currently evidence of a potential association of H. pylori infection with the development of a number of extra gastroduodenal diseases. Research Results